Junior Solar Sprint Simulation - Help
Sun strength
Supposedly, a value of 1.0 represents full sun, straight up, on a cloudless day.
You could reduce the default value to represent less than perfect
weather conditions, or a tilted panel. If you find a way to use
mirrors to increase the illumination of the panel, you could increase
this number, but probably not much.
Car's effective mass
Generally pretty close to the car's actual mass.
Units are kg. If you have
very heavy wheels, you should add a term representing their rotational
inertia as well. The model won't let you put in less than 0.14 kg,
because we measured the mass of a panel and a motor as 0.100 kg and
0.037 kg, respectively.
Wheel effective radius
Multiply the actual radius of the wheel by your gear ratio.
Units are meters.
So for a 4 cm diameter wheel, an 8 tooth gear on the motor,
and a 32 tooth gear on the axle, enter 0.02 m * 8 / 32 = 0.005.
Other assumptions
The following assumptions are based on Chuck Wright's analysis
of his kit's solar panel and motor. I have yet to verify these
for my own. If you want control over these parameters of your
model (because you measured different values, not because you
will cheat and modify the components provided), you need to
download the program and change
the values yourself. I don't provide a web interface to change
them.
- Diode exponential voltage: 0.026 V
- Diode reverse leakage: 0.7 nA
- Number of cells: 6
- Cell series resistance: 0.2 Ohms
- Amps full sun: 1.36
- Motor constant: 0.0054 N-m/A or Volt-sec
- Motor series resistance: 0.8 Ohms
- Current to overcome motor friction: 0.26 Amps
- Gear train efficiency: 100 %
- Rolling resistance: 0
- Wind resistance: 0
Last Words
Of course, you can make your car slower than these simulations,
but I don't think you'll make them any faster. While this
software can give you guidance on what's important and how to
adjust a car for speed, once you have a car it's important to
measure and adjust it for real.
And of course, there's more to the contest than speed. Other
categories include "Best Engineered" and "Most Creative", or
something like that. And please, don't forget that computer simulations
should never substitute for honest understanding.